Multiple Choice Questions with Answers in Information Retrieval SET 4

Top 5 quiz questions in IR, Information retrieval quiz, information retrieval mcqs with answers, information retrieval,  stemming, query expansion, recall, search result relevance, thesaurus based query expansion, wordnet

Information Retrieval MCQs - SET 04

1. The heuristic process of cutting off one or few letters from the end of words to extract the root words from inflected words is called

a) Lemmatization

b) Stemming

c) Inverted index

d) Case folding

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Ans : (b)

Answer: (b) Stemming Usually, a word has multiple meanings based on its usage in text, similarly, different forms of words convey related meaning, like “video” and “videos”, indicate identical meaning. A word is modified to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, mood, animacy, and definiteness. In linguistics, this process is called as inflection. Inflection is the process of adding affixes to a word. Stemming is the process of removing a part of a word, or reducing a word to its stem or root. Stemming is a rule-based approach. It simply slices the inflected words from prefix or suffix as per the need using a set of commonly underused prefix and suffix, like “-ing”, “-ed”, “-es”, “-pre”, etc. It results in a stem (root word) and that stem need not be identical to the morphological root of the word.

 

2. In thesaurus-based query expansion technique, for every term t in a query, we expand the query using the synonyms and related words of t taken from the thesaurus. This can increase ______

a) precision

b) recall

c) performance

d) mean average precision

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Ans : (b)

Answer: (a) recall Thesaurus based query expansion technique usually increases recall. This technique may significantly reduce the precision. Recall is the fraction of relevant documents that are retrieved. For example, if there are 100 relevant documents for a given query, and the IR system retrieves 50 from those relevant documents, then the recall is 50% (50/100).

 

3. Which of the following is a non-decreasing function of the number of documents retrieved?

a) precision

b) recall

c) accuracy

d) mean average precision

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Ans : (b)

Answer: (b) recall Recall is a non-decreasing function of the number of documents retrieved. Recall = (Total number of documents retrieved that are relevant)/(Total number of relevant documents in the database) As recall is calculated based on the number of relevant documents retrieved from the set of total relevant documents, it cannot decrease.

 

4. Which of the following is not an element to measure the relevance of search results in ad hoc information retrieval?

a) A benchmark document collection

b) A benchmark suit of queries

c) An assessment of either relevant or non-relevant for each query and each document

d) A set of trained users to check the result

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Ans : (d)

Answer: (d) A set of trained users to check the result Trained users are not necessarily to be used in this process. To measure ad hoc information retrieval effectiveness in the standard way, we need a test collection consisting of three things: 1. A document collection 2. A test suite of information needs, expressible as queries 3. A set of relevance judgments, that says either relevant or non-relevant for each query-document pair. Source: https://nlp.stanford.edu/IR-book/pdf/08eval.pdf

 

5. In WordNet, the lexemes that share same form but have unrelated meanings is

a) Homonym

b) Hypernym

c) Hyponym

d) Meronym

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Ans : (a)

Answer: (a) Homonym In linguistics, homonym refers to a relationship between words that have different meanings but are pronounced the same or spelled the same or both. The word homonym can be used as a synonym for homophone (same sound), homograph (same spelling) or both. Example: Homograph: bark (tree bark) and bark (dog barks) Homophone: write and right

 

 

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Related links

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Keywords

What are the elements required to measure the relevance of search result in an information retrieval system?

Define homonym and how they are used in Wordnet.

Why recall is referred as non-decreasing function of the number of documents retrieved?

Difference between stemming and lemmatization

Distributed database and parallel database quiz questions with answers SET 09

Distributed database quiz questions with answers, MCQ in distributed database, solved exam questions in distributed and parallel database, distributed query processing, data replication

MCQ in Distributed and Parallel Database with Solutions

1. Which of the following parallelism enables the execution of multiple queries generated by concurrent transactions?

(a) Inter-query parallelism

(b) Intra-query parallelism

(c) Independent parallelism

(d) None of the above.

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Ans : (a)

Answer: (a) Inter-query parallelism Inter-query parallelism is about executing multiple queries simultaneously. The queries are executed in this way helps in improving the transaction throughput, ie., to increase the number of transactions executed simultaneously at a time.

 

2. Why data fragmentation and distribution is considered as a desirable property?

(a) Reduced data transmission cost

(b) Reduces table size

(c) Availability

(d) All of the above.

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Ans : (d)

Answer: (d) All of the above Fragmentation is desirable because it enables the placement of data in close proximity to its place of use, thus potentially reducing transmission cost, and it reduces the size of relations that are involved in user queries. Due to the placement of data in various locations, as per the used technology, some or all of the data are available always.

 

3. Suppose the users of a distributed database system are permitted to execute read-only queries. Which of the following would be the best solution for such an access?

(a) Horizontal fragmentation

(b) Vertical fragmentation

(c) Replication

(d) None of the above.

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Ans : (c)

Answer: (c) Replication If only read-only access is given to all users, then the best solution will be to replicate the database and store the replicated data at each site. This will increase the availability and no additional hidden costs are involved. Only the update (which may be performed by the administrators, as per the question) has to be propagated to each site. Even the update may not be much frequent for this scenario.

 

4. In some cases of query processing, the operations in a single query are executed at the same time or in random order. What type of parallelism is this? Choose the most relevant one from the following;

(a) Intra-operation parallelism

(b) Pipelined parallelism

(c) Independent parallelism

(d) Inter-operation parallelism

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Ans : (c)

Answer: (c) Independent parallelism Independent parallelism is a type of inter-operation parallelism. As per this form of parallelism, operations in a query that do not depend on one another can be executed in parallel. For example, a natural join operation involving more than 3 operands can be executed in parallel. This type of parallelism is possible only when the operations do not involve the same data.

 

5. In distributed database environment, the execution of set of distributed transactions is said to be serializable if an only if

(a) the execution of the set of transactions at each site is serializable

(b) the serialization orders of set of transactions at all the sites are identical

(c) the set of transactions that are not in serial order

(d) the serialization orders of set of transactions at all the sites are not identical

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Ans : (a) and (b)

Answer: (a) the execution of the set of transactions at each site is serializable and (b) the serialization orders of set of transactions at all the sites are identical The execution of a set of distributed transactions is serializable if and only if the execution of the set of transactions at each site is serializable, and the serialization orders of these transactions at all these sites are identical. This kind of global serializability is enforced by distributed concurrency control algorithms.

 

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